Criminology is, ordinarily, the science of crime and
seeks to study the phenomenon of criminality in its entirety. Criminology as a
branch of knowledge is concerned with those particular conducts of individual behaviour
which are prohibited by society. It is therefore a societal study which seeks
to discover the causes of criminality and suggest remedies to reduce crimes.
Criminology
consists of two main branches - criminal biology, which investigates causes of
criminality found in the mental and physical constitution of the deviant, 'and
criminal sociology which deals with enquiries into the effect of environment as
a cause of criminality.
Criminology,
penology and criminal law are inter-related fields. Penology deals with the
custody, treatment, prevention and control of crimes. Criminal law seeks to
implement policies envisaged by criminology and penology (the formulation of
criminal policy essentially depends on crime causations and factors correlated
therewith). The object of criminology is to study the sequence of law making,
law-breaking and reaction to law breaking from the point of view of the
efficiency of law as a method of control.
The
science of criminology aims at taking up case to case study of different crimes
and suggest measures to 'reform' the offenders. Liberalisation of punishment
for affording greater opportunities for rehabilitation of offenders has been
accepted as the ultimate object of penal justice.
The most significant aspect of
criminology is its concern for crime and criminals. It presupposes the study of
criminal with basic assumption that no one is born criminal. It treats
reformation as the ultimate object of punishment while individualization
(treatment accorded to each individual according to his personality) the method
of it.
Criminology also seeks to create conditions
conducive to social solidarity in as much as it tries to point out what
behaviours are obnoxious and anti-social. The ultimate object is to render a
crimeless society so far as possible with a view to achieving social harmony.
Courtesy:- Legal Point Foundation
1 comment:
Important short summary about criminology 👍👍
Post a Comment